Metabolites -Nasa study

NASA has released a video to highlight its ‘Twins Study’ that investigates metabolic changes in retired U.S. astronaut Scott Kelly and his twin brother Mark.

Metabolites are key small molecules. They are the chemicals in the body that let you do all the things you do. It is all these things that give you energy, like glucose. They let you move, think, and digest your food.

Using a mass spectrometer, researchers can analyse blood and urine for secreted metabolites.

By following Scott and Mark Kelly, both in space and on Earth, scientists can see a collection of changes occurring. 

Some chemicals are indicative of high stress but other chemicals are unknown. It is hoped that the Twins Study will show which stress molecules get activated at which times and what other kinds of metabolites are present and active.

Identical twins share the same fertilised egg, thus, share similar genes. Because of similarities, researchers can focus on the metabolic changes. Researchers believe that diet definitely impacts a person’s metabolites. They can see which foods cause what kinds of metabolic changes and how that evolves over time

This information could be helpful for researchers creating recommendations to protect the health of astronauts embarking on long-duration missions, such as a journey to Mars, as well as benefit humans on Earth.